Receiving device for electric transmission.



PATENTED OCT. 16, 1906.

I 1. KITSEE. RECEIVING DEVIGB FOR ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1905. RENEWED APB. 4, 1906.

' UNITED sir Paras PATENT OFFICE.

lemon KITSEE, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR or ONE- HALF r0 WILLIAM J. LATIA, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

nsozlvmo EVICE FOR ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION. 3

Specification of Letters Patent. Annlloation filed March 25, 1905- Renewed April 4, i906. Serial No. 809.886.

Patented Oct. 16,1906.

1'0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, lemon KITSEE, of the city and count of Philadel hia, State of Pennsylvania, have invente certain new and useful Improvements in Receivin Devices for Electric Transmission, of whic the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in receiving devices for electric transmission, and has more special reference to receiving instruments used on such lines where the resistance and capacity do not allow the'direct employment of the usual soundersor other electromagnetic devices-as, for instance, on submarine cables, where now the wellknown si hon t recorder is generally employed. this siphon-recorder is so well understood that it does not need further description here. It suffices to say that a finely-drawn glass tube immersed with one end in an ink-well and the other end in proximity to a moving paper is actuated b a coil.suspended between a ma netic old, and a message is written -on the paper'in the form of curves representing the direction of the current, and as a dash is re resented by a positive impulse and a dot y a negative impulse the apparently irregular line can easily be interpreted y the receiving operator. It is conceded by the oflicers in charge of such lines that to'receive messages by sound would greatly benefit the service, leaving the record only for future reference, and it is the' aim of my invention to make it possible to receive messages over lines, as above stated, with the aid of an electromagnetic devicesuch, for instance, as a sounder-and it is the further aim of my inventionto combine my arrangement with a recording device, so that at one'and the same time the message may be recorded and also read by the sound, and I have illustrated this my arrangement as combined with the siphon-recorder usually em ployed on'submarine cables; but it is obvious that instead of a siphon-recorder any other recording instrument may be used in conjunction with my invention.

On long-distance linesas, for instance, submarine cablesthe received impulses are of such feeble character that it is well-nigh impossible to actuate therewith an electromagnetic device, such as a relay, in a manner he arrangement and working of so as to make and break a local circuit contamlng the necessary translating devices, and

this fact, combined with the moving of the zero, an action well understood by persons versed in the art, bars entirely the employment of any device whereby the moving parts shall make and break connection at stated intervals with stationary contacts. To overcome one of these objections, the socalled moving of the zero, I have recourse to a method of telegraphing which is more particularly described in Letters Patent issued to me December 13, 1904, under Serial No. 777,259, which method is called telegraphing with true reversals, and in this system of telegraphing with true reversals t e zero position of instruments placed on submarine or other cables is substantially stationary. To overcome the other ob'ection-that is, the well-known impossibi 'ty of making an electrical contact through the different incomin impulses-I have recourse to a metho and arrangement as will' hereinafter be more fully described, illustrated in the drawings, and more specially pointed out in the claims following the specication.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a partial perspective and partial diagrammatic view embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of art of the device employed by me.

is the receiving instrument proper, here shown as the siphon-recorder usually employ'ed in submarine cables. A is the glass tube or siphon, and A the paper Whereon the received messages are recorded. So far the arrangement and parts of the device are the same as those already in use; but to carry out the urpose of my invention I provide the movahle part of the recorder-in this case the glass siphonwith a piece of non-conducting material B, preferably a very thin piece of mica, and secure the same to the siphon with the aid of one of the well-known means-such, for instance, as a shellac or other cement.

In proximity to the moving siphon A are placed the adjustable contact pair C and C and the adjustable contact pair G and C the contacts of the first pair sup orted' by the piece D and the contacts of't e'sec'ond pair supported by the piece D which supports are non-conducting. Each pair of contacts Of this device battery. The coils G and G of the electromagnet G are connected to ,this battery and the contact-points in the following manner: The positive pole of the battery is connected through wire 1 with the interposition of the impedance K withv one of the contacts of each pair of contacts, here contact C and C The contact C of the first contact pair is connect ed through wire 2 with the upper terminal of coil G the other terminal of this coil being connected through Wire 3 with the upper ter'-' minal of the coil G, the other terminal of this coil G being connected through wire 6 and wire 4 with the contact C of the second contact pair: The negative pole of the battery F is connected through wire 5 with wire 3- that is, with the wire connecting the two coils in opposition with each other. It is now supposed that the contacts of each of the contact pairs are in electrical connection with each other. The flow of the current therefore from the battery F would be as follows: positive pole of battery F, wire 1. Here the current will divide and part of same will go through contacts C and C, wire 2, coil G wire 3, wire 5, back to the negative pole of the batter F. The other part of the current will flow through contacts C and C wire 4, wire 6, coil G, wire 3, wire 5, back to the negative pole of battery F, and as it is supposed that the resistance of the circuit including the contact pair C and C is equal to the resistance of the circuit including the contact pair C and C and as the coils G and G are connected in opposition as to eachother that is, in a manner so that their magnetizing effect should be neutralized on the core G it is obvious that this core will remain neutral as long as the flow of the current remains undisturbed. The armature of such a device .will remain inactive during this whole period. It is now supposed that the resistance of one or the other of the contact pairs is increased to a great extent. In such case the current will flow in inverse proportion to such resistance, and as the balance is dis turbed and as'a greater amount of current will flow through one coil than through the other the core G will be energized and the armature G will be actuated. I In reality the contacts of each of the contact pairs are not in metallic connection, but are, as stated 9 remain interrupted. Now for the rent from the battery F will therefore be entirely interrupted, and if no other means is present to re uce the resistance of this airspace then the flow of the current will always purpose of causing the current to flow throug the coils G and G and for the purpose of reducing the resistance of the air-spaces E and E, I have recourse to the following arrangement: I connect one contact of each pair, here contacts G and C, with a source of alternating or interrupted current, the secondary of which I designate as 'H and the primary of which I designate as H. I connect the other contacts of each pair, here C and G with the same source H.

In the drawings the contacts C and C are connected through wire .7 with interposition of condenser L with one terminal of the source H and the contact C is connected through wires 8 and 9 with the other termi:

nal of the source H and contact 0 is connected through wires 4 and 9 with the same terminal. We therefore have, first, a circuit including the direct source of current F connected with one pole in multi le arc to the contacts C and C and with the other pole and the interposition of the two coils G and G in multiple arc to the contacts 0 and G and as an air-gap intervenes between the contacts of each pair the flow of this current is interrupted; second, a circuit including the source of alternating or interrupted current H, connected also in multiple arc with one terminal to the contacts C and C and with the other terminal to the contacts C and C and as this alternating or interrupted current is of an intensity strong enough to overcome the resistance of the airap this current will flow from the source H through wire 7, will divide (if the resistance of the two air-ga s is equal) equally between C and G an one part will flow through C,

through air-gap E to (3; wire 8, wire 9, back to the other terminal of H. The other part of the current will flow from contact 0 through air-gap E, contact 0 wire 4, wire 9,

back to the source H. Through the flow of this current the resistance of both of the airgaps will be reduced so as to present a path conducting enough for the flow of the direct current from the source F, andthis current,

therefore, will flow from the positive pole of F, through wire '1, impedance K, will divide in equal portions, and one part will flow through contact 0, airap 'E,-.contact C, wire 2, coil G wire 3, an wire 5, back to the negative pole of the source F. The other part of the current will flow through contact C air-gap E, contact C wire-4, wire 6, coil G, wire 5, back to the negative pole of F.

As stated above, the coils G and G are be disturbed and the greater part of the ourrent will flow through the coil G or G and as this greater flow will enable this coil to energize the core G? the device Gwill be made operative. It is now supposed that, as is usually the case, the siphon A with its appended piece of mica B, rests at zero. In this position. of the siphon both of the air-gaps are free and the piece of mica on the siphon is positioned in the center between the two with its ap case maybe, an

air-'gapsfof the two contact pairs. of the current F will be equal in both of the coils G and Gr and the. device G will remain inoperative; but as soon as the transmitting operator sends an im fecting the receiving evice A, thesiphon A, ended non-conducting piece B, willmove either to the right orleft, as the i d the mica will bemo'ved from its center-position to a position between the adjustablecontacts C and C or C and C and as the mica offers agreater resistance to the flow of anint'errupted current than air the balance between the two air-gaps will be disturbed and hardly any of this'current will flow through the air-gap having the mica inter osed, and the greater part of. the current wil therefore flow over the air-ga free from the mica. The direct current wil divide in and, the device G will 'and as. the

the sameiproportion therefore come lnto operat on, message is symbolized only -,by positive or negative impulses actuating the receiving device A, so that the siphon is pulled either to right or left, it is obvious that such change of the resistance ofr one or the ot iero the air-gaps and the deposition will reatl change vice G will res 0nd to any 0 these changes.

In Letters atent above referred to I have described a dot as to be designated by one I I ceivethe-incorning impulses, .means'to trans impulse, "the polarity not coming into consideration, and a by two impulses 1n qulck succession, each impulse of a polaritydifferent froin'the' other, in telegraphing with such and it is clear that impulses the receiving operator: will through device G, if the same is a sounder or similar the'transmitted characters and will therefore I tual instrumentfreadily ascertain the nature of readily read the Inessa e by sound. v A

It is preferredthat tile circuit of the direct source shall be provided with an impedance to effectually bar the alternating current, and in the drawings I have shown this impedance as K, and it is also referred that the circuitof the source H shall be provided with a capacity, suchas a condenser, so as to effec y bar the direct current, and in the draw- The flow ulse over the line, ef-.v

dash as to be'designated ings [have shown this capacity as the condenser J.

' It isunnecessary for me to state again that I the device A may be replaced by any of the well-known recelving devices or relays, and in such cases the means B, adapted to disturb the balance of the circuits, has to be connected to the movable part of such device no matter if the same consists of conductingtongues or. otherwise.

, It may be stated that it is possible to replace the non-conducting piece B by a conducting-piece, and in this case the resistance of the path for the spark would be decreased 1f the piece is inter osed between one of the contact palrs; but have found that such arrangement is not well adapted for ractical purposes, as a, spark having once ound its through a conducting-piece usuallyv folows the same, and the movement of the siphon, as is well known, is too restricted for the purpose'of extinguishing such spark.

I do not claim here the method of relaying without direct contact, as. the same will form the subject-matter 9f another application.

' Having now described my invention, what 1 Inlcoinbinatlon with a'receiving device connected to thelme of transmlsslon, a local c1rcu1t enibrac ng air-gap, a high-tension current traversin said l'ocal circuit and air-gap,

.a translating evice in'said local circuit,'and

movable means operatively connected to the part of said receiving device to va the flow of saidhigh-tension current throng said air- ,gap in accordance with the impulses received.

2;, Infele'ctric=transmission,'a device adapted tomake record of the incoming impulses and adapted -to disturb throu h it's movefment' the b'alanceof two air-pat made conducting through the flow of a high-tension current, in combination with a'direct source of. current and electromagnetic translating device operatively connected to said airpaths. l

3. -In electric ftransmission means 'torelate said impulses, said second ,means com- Iclaim'as new, and desireto'secure by Let- 'rro including a source 0 direct current and tra s I 1 lating device, sald direct: current adapted to" makc'circuit through said air-gaps onl sistance 'of said air-gaps.

when said air-gaps are made-conducting t oug-h V theflow'of'th'e firstnamedsourceof current,, 5 theiineans to receive-adapted, to vary w re (1.

vice in combination. h rneans to translate the received impulses, I, aid' means embracin a clrcult comprising asource 'of mterrupte or alternating 'currentfand' t'wo air-gaps, a v

second circuit comprising a. direct source of current, in combination with a receiving device connected to the'line of transmission and adapted through its movement to vary the resistance of said paths.

6. In electric transmission an electromagnetic device provided with two coils connected to a source of unidirective current in a manner so as to oppose their respective ma netizing influence, two pairs of contacts, eac pair included in a circuit comprising the source of current and one of said coils, the contacts of each pair adjusted so as to present an air-gap between them, a source of alternating or interrupted currentconnected with one terminal to one contact of each of said pairs, and with the other terminal to the other contact of each of said pairs, and means to vary the resistance of one or the other of the air-gaps as to flow of the alternating or interrupted current in accordance with the received impulses.

-7. In telegraphy, two pairs of adjustable contacts, a support for each of said pairs, one contact of each pair connected in multiple arc to one side of a source of high-tension current and the other contact of each pair connected in multiple arc to the other side of said source of high-tension current, a source of direct current, an electromagnetic device provided with two coils connected to said direct source so as to oppose their respective magnetizing influence, the source of current connected with one pole to one contact of each of said pair and connected with the other pole to the junction of said two coils, the free terminal of one of said c'oils connected to one contact of one of said pairs, and the free terminal of the second of said coils connected to one contact of the second of said pairs, each pair of contacts adjusted in a mannerso as to form a path, non-conductin for a straight current, between same, in com ination with means actuated by the incoming current to increase the resistance of one or the other of said paths to the flow of the high-tension current in accordance with the received impulses.

8. In telegraphy, a siphon -recorder provided with means to record the incoming messages, a local circuit including a unidirective source of comparative low potential and an alternating or induced current of comparatively high potential, a translating device, circuits in operative relation to both of said sources including paths non-conducting for said unidirective current but made conducting for said current through the passage'of the hig -tension current, and means operatively connected to the siphon-recorder to vary the resistance of one or the other of said paths.

9. In a device of the class described, means to actuate a localized electromagnet, 'said means embracing a unidirective source of current, an electromagnet and electricallyinterrupted circuit for same, a high-tension current producing a; conducting-path between the interrupted parts of said circuit, and means coacting with a receiving device to vary the resistance of the interrupted circuit.

10. Means to actuate a local electromagnet with the aid of a receiving device connected to the line of transmission without direct contact with the circuit of said local magnet, said means embracing two circuits, one including a source of high-tension current and one including a source of unidirective low-tension current, the terminals of both circuits connected to conducting means presenting between them a path non-conducting for the unidirective source but conducting for the high-tension source, an electromagnet, and means coacting with the receiving instrument to vary the resistance of said path.- 3 t 11. Means to alter the resistance of a local circuit in accordance with the incoming telegraphic impulses, said means embracing a source of current of comparatively low potential, a circuit for same, parts of said cir cuit non-conductive to .said source, a source of current ofcomparatively high potential reducing the resistance of said-non-conductive parts and means responding to the incoming impulses to vary the flow of the highpotentlal current through thenon-conductive parts in accordance with the incoming im ulses.

, n testimony whereof I hereby sign my name, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 22d day of March, A. D. 1905.

' ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

EDITH R. STILLEY, H. O. YETTER. 

